diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 8ad96f05..7137a120 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -109,6 +109,8 @@
 
 ### Unreleased
 
+- `ArtifactOutput::write_extras` now takes the `Artifacts` directly
+  [#1491](https://github.com/gakonst/ethers-rs/pull/1491)
 - Make `ethers-solc` optional dependency of `ethers`, needs `ethers-solc` feature to activate
   [#1463](https://github.com/gakonst/ethers-rs/pull/1463)
 - Add `rawMetadata:String` field to configurable contract output
diff --git a/ethers-solc/src/artifact_output/mod.rs b/ethers-solc/src/artifact_output/mod.rs
index 05e56922..9ca5dcf3 100644
--- a/ethers-solc/src/artifact_output/mod.rs
+++ b/ethers-solc/src/artifact_output/mod.rs
@@ -17,13 +17,16 @@ use semver::Version;
 use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Serialize};
 use std::{
     borrow::Cow,
-    collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, HashSet},
+    collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet},
+    ffi::OsString,
     fmt, fs, io,
     ops::Deref,
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
 };
+use tracing::trace;
 
 mod configurable;
+use crate::contracts::VersionedContract;
 pub use configurable::*;
 
 /// Represents unique artifact metadata for identifying artifacts on output
@@ -100,6 +103,11 @@ impl<T> ArtifactFile<T> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Internal helper type alias that maps all files for the contracts
+/// `output -> [(file, name, contract)]`
+pub(crate) type ArtifactFiles<'a> =
+    HashMap<PathBuf, Vec<(&'a str, &'a str, &'a VersionedContract)>>;
+
 /// local helper type alias `file name -> (contract name  -> Vec<..>)`
 pub(crate) type ArtifactsMap<T> = FileToContractsMap<Vec<ArtifactFile<T>>>;
 
@@ -193,6 +201,19 @@ impl<T> Artifacts<T> {
         self.0.values().find_map(|all| all.get(contract_name))
     }
 
+    /// Returns the `Artifact` with matching file, contract name and version
+    pub fn find_artifact(
+        &self,
+        file: &str,
+        contract_name: &str,
+        version: &Version,
+    ) -> Option<&ArtifactFile<T>> {
+        self.0
+            .get(file)
+            .and_then(|contracts| contracts.get(contract_name))
+            .and_then(|artifacts| artifacts.iter().find(|artifact| artifact.version == *version))
+    }
+
     /// Returns true if this type contains an artifact with the given path for the given contract
     pub fn has_contract_artifact(&self, contract_name: &str, artifact_path: &Path) -> bool {
         self.get_contract_artifact_files(contract_name)
@@ -529,7 +550,7 @@ pub trait ArtifactOutput {
         artifacts.join_all(&layout.artifacts);
         artifacts.write_all()?;
 
-        self.write_extras(contracts, layout)?;
+        self.write_extras(contracts, &artifacts)?;
 
         Ok(artifacts)
     }
@@ -550,21 +571,16 @@ pub trait ArtifactOutput {
     fn write_extras(
         &self,
         contracts: &VersionedContracts,
-        layout: &ProjectPathsConfig,
+        artifacts: &Artifacts<Self::Artifact>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
         for (file, contracts) in contracts.as_ref().iter() {
             for (name, versioned_contracts) in contracts {
                 for c in versioned_contracts {
-                    let artifact_path = if versioned_contracts.len() > 1 {
-                        Self::output_file_versioned(file, name, &c.version)
-                    } else {
-                        Self::output_file(file, name)
-                    };
-
-                    let file = layout.artifacts.join(artifact_path);
-                    utils::create_parent_dir_all(&file)?;
-
-                    self.write_contract_extras(&c.contract, &file)?;
+                    if let Some(artifact) = artifacts.find_artifact(file, name, &c.version) {
+                        let file = &artifact.file;
+                        utils::create_parent_dir_all(file)?;
+                        self.write_contract_extras(&c.contract, file)?;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -585,6 +601,68 @@ pub trait ArtifactOutput {
             .into()
     }
 
+    /// Returns the appropriate file name for the conflicting file.
+    ///
+    /// This should ensure that the resulting `PathBuf` is conflict free, which could be possible if
+    /// there are two separate contract files (in different folders) that contain the same contract:
+    ///
+    /// `src/A.sol::A`
+    /// `src/nested/A.sol::A`
+    ///
+    /// Which would result in the same `PathBuf` if only the file and contract name is taken into
+    /// account, [`Self::output_file`].
+    ///
+    /// This return a unique output file
+    fn conflict_free_output_file(
+        already_taken: &HashSet<PathBuf>,
+        conflict: PathBuf,
+        contract_file: impl AsRef<Path>,
+    ) -> PathBuf {
+        let mut candidate = conflict.clone();
+        let contract_file = contract_file.as_ref();
+        let mut current_parent = contract_file.parent();
+
+        while let Some(parent) = current_parent.and_then(|f| f.file_name()) {
+            candidate = Path::new(parent).join(&candidate);
+            if !already_taken.contains(&candidate) {
+                trace!("found alternative output file={:?} for {:?}", candidate, contract_file);
+                return candidate
+            }
+            current_parent = current_parent.and_then(|f| f.parent());
+        }
+
+        // this means we haven't found an alternative yet, which shouldn't actually happen since
+        // `contract_file` are unique, but just to be safe, handle this case in which case
+        // we simply numerate
+
+        trace!("no conflict free output file found after traversing the file");
+
+        let mut num = 1;
+
+        loop {
+            // this will attempt to find an alternate path by numerating the first component in the
+            // path: `<root>+_<num>/....sol`
+            let mut components = conflict.components();
+            let first = components.next().expect("path not empty");
+            let name = first.as_os_str();
+            let mut numerated = OsString::with_capacity(name.len() + 2);
+            numerated.push(name);
+            numerated.push("_");
+            numerated.push(num.to_string());
+
+            let candidate: PathBuf = Some(numerated.as_os_str())
+                .into_iter()
+                .chain(components.map(|c| c.as_os_str()))
+                .collect();
+            if !already_taken.contains(&candidate) {
+                trace!("found alternative output file={:?} for {:?}", candidate, contract_file);
+                return candidate
+            }
+
+            num += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Returns the path to the contract's artifact location based on the contract's file and name
     ///
     /// This returns `contract.sol/contract.json` by default
@@ -691,46 +769,68 @@ pub trait ArtifactOutput {
         // this tracks all the `SourceFile`s that we successfully mapped to a contract
         let mut non_standalone_sources = HashSet::new();
 
-        // loop over all files and their contracts
-        for (file, contracts) in contracts.as_ref().iter() {
-            let mut entries = BTreeMap::new();
+        // this holds all output files and the contract(s) it belongs to
+        let artifact_files = contracts.artifact_files::<Self>();
 
-            // loop over all contracts and their versions
-            for (name, versioned_contracts) in contracts {
-                let mut contracts = Vec::with_capacity(versioned_contracts.len());
-                // check if the same contract compiled with multiple solc versions
-                for contract in versioned_contracts {
-                    let source_file = sources.find_file_and_version(file, &contract.version);
+        // this tracks the final artifacts, which we use as lookup for checking conflicts when
+        // converting stand-alone artifacts in the next step
+        let mut final_artifact_paths = HashSet::new();
 
-                    if let Some(source) = source_file {
-                        non_standalone_sources.insert((source.id, &contract.version));
-                    }
+        for (artifact_path, contracts) in artifact_files {
+            for (idx, (file, name, contract)) in contracts.iter().enumerate() {
+                // track `SourceFile`s that can be mapped to contracts
+                let source_file = sources.find_file_and_version(file, &contract.version);
 
-                    let artifact_path = if versioned_contracts.len() > 1 {
-                        Self::output_file_versioned(file, name, &contract.version)
-                    } else {
-                        Self::output_file(file, name)
-                    };
-
-                    let artifact = self.contract_to_artifact(
-                        file,
-                        name,
-                        contract.contract.clone(),
-                        source_file,
-                    );
-
-                    contracts.push(ArtifactFile {
-                        artifact,
-                        file: artifact_path,
-                        version: contract.version.clone(),
-                    });
+                if let Some(source) = source_file {
+                    non_standalone_sources.insert((source.id, &contract.version));
                 }
-                entries.insert(name.to_string(), contracts);
+
+                let mut artifact_path = artifact_path.clone();
+
+                if contracts.len() > 1 {
+                    // naming conflict where the `artifact_path` belongs to two conflicting
+                    // contracts need to adjust the paths properly
+
+                    // we keep the top most conflicting file unchanged
+                    let is_top_most = contracts.iter().enumerate().filter(|(i, _)| *i != idx).all(
+                        |(_, (f, _, _))| {
+                            Path::new(file).components().count() < Path::new(f).components().count()
+                        },
+                    );
+                    if !is_top_most {
+                        // we resolve the conflicting by finding a new unique, alternative path
+                        artifact_path = Self::conflict_free_output_file(
+                            &final_artifact_paths,
+                            artifact_path,
+                            file,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+
+                final_artifact_paths.insert(artifact_path.clone());
+
+                let artifact =
+                    self.contract_to_artifact(file, name, contract.contract.clone(), source_file);
+
+                let artifact = ArtifactFile {
+                    artifact,
+                    file: artifact_path,
+                    version: contract.version.clone(),
+                };
+
+                artifacts
+                    .entry(file.to_string())
+                    .or_default()
+                    .entry(name.to_string())
+                    .or_default()
+                    .push(artifact);
             }
-            artifacts.insert(file.to_string(), entries);
         }
 
         // extend with standalone source files and convert them to artifacts
+        // this is unfortunately necessary, so we can "mock" `Artifacts` for solidity files without
+        // any contract definition, which are not included in the `CompilerOutput` but we want to
+        // create Artifacts for them regardless
         for (file, sources) in sources.as_ref().iter() {
             for source in sources {
                 if !non_standalone_sources.contains(&(source.source_file.id, &source.version)) {
@@ -749,12 +849,22 @@ pub trait ArtifactOutput {
                         if let Some(artifact) =
                             self.standalone_source_file_to_artifact(file, source)
                         {
-                            let artifact_path = if sources.len() > 1 {
+                            let mut artifact_path = if sources.len() > 1 {
                                 Self::output_file_versioned(file, name, &source.version)
                             } else {
                                 Self::output_file(file, name)
                             };
 
+                            if final_artifact_paths.contains(&artifact_path) {
+                                // preventing conflict
+                                artifact_path = Self::conflict_free_output_file(
+                                    &final_artifact_paths,
+                                    artifact_path,
+                                    file,
+                                );
+                                final_artifact_paths.insert(artifact_path.clone());
+                            }
+
                             let entries = artifacts
                                 .entry(file.to_string())
                                 .or_default()
@@ -893,4 +1003,32 @@ mod tests {
         assert_artifact::<CompactContractBytecode>();
         assert_artifact::<serde_json::Value>();
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn can_find_alternate_paths() {
+        let mut already_taken = HashSet::new();
+
+        let file = "v1/tokens/Greeter.sol";
+        let conflict = PathBuf::from("Greeter.sol/Greeter.json");
+
+        let alternative = ConfigurableArtifacts::conflict_free_output_file(
+            &already_taken,
+            conflict.clone(),
+            file,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(alternative, PathBuf::from("tokens/Greeter.sol/Greeter.json"));
+
+        already_taken.insert("tokens/Greeter.sol/Greeter.json".into());
+        let alternative = ConfigurableArtifacts::conflict_free_output_file(
+            &already_taken,
+            conflict.clone(),
+            file,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(alternative, PathBuf::from("v1/tokens/Greeter.sol/Greeter.json"));
+
+        already_taken.insert("v1/tokens/Greeter.sol/Greeter.json".into());
+        let alternative =
+            ConfigurableArtifacts::conflict_free_output_file(&already_taken, conflict, file);
+        assert_eq!(alternative, PathBuf::from("Greeter.sol_1/Greeter.json"));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/ethers-solc/src/compile/output/contracts.rs b/ethers-solc/src/compile/output/contracts.rs
index e81cd3a2..7e17a15a 100644
--- a/ethers-solc/src/compile/output/contracts.rs
+++ b/ethers-solc/src/compile/output/contracts.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
-use crate::artifacts::{
-    contract::{CompactContractRef, Contract},
-    FileToContractsMap,
+use crate::{
+    artifacts::{
+        contract::{CompactContractRef, Contract},
+        FileToContractsMap,
+    },
+    ArtifactFiles, ArtifactOutput,
 };
 use semver::Version;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -25,6 +28,26 @@ impl VersionedContracts {
         self.0.keys()
     }
 
+    /// Returns all the artifact files mapped with their contracts
+    pub(crate) fn artifact_files<T: ArtifactOutput + ?Sized>(&self) -> ArtifactFiles {
+        let mut output_files = ArtifactFiles::with_capacity(self.len());
+        for (file, contracts) in self.iter() {
+            for (name, versioned_contracts) in contracts {
+                for contract in versioned_contracts {
+                    let output = if versioned_contracts.len() > 1 {
+                        T::output_file_versioned(file, name, &contract.version)
+                    } else {
+                        T::output_file(file, name)
+                    };
+                    let contract = (file.as_str(), name.as_str(), contract);
+                    output_files.entry(output).or_default().push(contract);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        output_files
+    }
+
     /// Finds the _first_ contract with the given name
     ///
     /// # Example
diff --git a/ethers-solc/src/lib.rs b/ethers-solc/src/lib.rs
index 55238466..ee72845b 100644
--- a/ethers-solc/src/lib.rs
+++ b/ethers-solc/src/lib.rs
@@ -790,9 +790,9 @@ impl<T: ArtifactOutput> ArtifactOutput for Project<T> {
     fn write_extras(
         &self,
         contracts: &VersionedContracts,
-        layout: &ProjectPathsConfig,
+        artifacts: &Artifacts<Self::Artifact>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.artifacts_handler().write_extras(contracts, layout)
+        self.artifacts_handler().write_extras(contracts, artifacts)
     }
 
     fn output_file_name(name: impl AsRef<str>) -> PathBuf {
diff --git a/ethers-solc/tests/project.rs b/ethers-solc/tests/project.rs
index bb849a7f..ca1f6a9c 100644
--- a/ethers-solc/tests/project.rs
+++ b/ethers-solc/tests/project.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 //! project tests
 
-use std::{
-    collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet},
-    fs, io,
-    path::{Path, PathBuf},
-    str::FromStr,
-};
-
 use ethers_core::types::Address;
 use ethers_solc::{
     artifacts::{
@@ -23,6 +16,12 @@ use ethers_solc::{
 };
 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
 use semver::Version;
+use std::{
+    collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet},
+    fs, io,
+    path::{Path, PathBuf},
+    str::FromStr,
+};
 
 #[allow(unused)]
 fn init_tracing() {
@@ -2065,3 +2064,67 @@ contract C { }
     let compiled = project.compile().unwrap();
     assert!(compiled.has_compiler_errors());
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn can_handle_conflicting_files() {
+    let project = TempProject::<ConfigurableArtifacts>::dapptools().unwrap();
+
+    project
+        .add_source(
+            "Greeter",
+            r#"
+    pragma solidity ^0.8.10;
+
+    contract Greeter {}
+   "#,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+    project
+        .add_source(
+            "tokens/Greeter",
+            r#"
+    pragma solidity ^0.8.10;
+
+    contract Greeter {}
+   "#,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let compiled = project.compile().unwrap();
+    assert!(!compiled.has_compiler_errors());
+
+    let artifacts = compiled.artifacts().count();
+    assert_eq!(artifacts, 2);
+
+    // nothing to compile
+    let compiled = project.compile().unwrap();
+    assert!(compiled.is_unchanged());
+    let artifacts = compiled.artifacts().count();
+    assert_eq!(artifacts, 2);
+
+    let cache = SolFilesCache::read(project.cache_path()).unwrap();
+
+    let mut source_files = cache.files.keys().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    source_files.sort_unstable();
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        source_files,
+        vec![PathBuf::from("src/Greeter.sol"), PathBuf::from("src/tokens/Greeter.sol"),]
+    );
+
+    let mut artifacts = project.artifacts_snapshot().unwrap().artifacts;
+    artifacts.strip_prefix_all(&project.paths().artifacts);
+
+    assert_eq!(artifacts.len(), 2);
+    let mut artifact_files = artifacts.artifact_files().map(|f| f.file.clone()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    artifact_files.sort_unstable();
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        artifact_files,
+        vec![
+            PathBuf::from("Greeter.sol/Greeter.json"),
+            PathBuf::from("tokens/Greeter.sol/Greeter.json"),
+        ]
+    );
+}