docs: add erc20 token transfer example
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- [ ] Transaction receipt
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- [ ] Transaction status
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- [x] Transfer ETH
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- [X] Transfer ERC20 token
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- [x] Wallets
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- [x] Mnemonic
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- [x] Ledger
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# OpenZeppelin Contracts
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The files in this directory were sourced unmodified from OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.7.3.
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They are not meant to be edited.
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The originals can be found on [GitHub] and [npm].
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[GitHub]: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/tree/v4.7.3
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[npm]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@openzeppelin/contracts/v/4.7.3
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Generated with OpenZeppelin Contracts Wizard (https://zpl.in/wizard).
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)
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pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
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import "./IERC20.sol";
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import "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
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import "../../utils/Context.sol";
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/**
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* @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
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*
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* This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
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* that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
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* For a generic mechanism see {ERC20PresetMinterPauser}.
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*
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* TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
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* https://forum.zeppelin.solutions/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
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* to implement supply mechanisms].
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*
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* We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
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* instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
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* conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
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* applications.
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*
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* Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
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* This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
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* by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
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* these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
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*
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* Finally, the non-standard {decreaseAllowance} and {increaseAllowance}
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* functions have been added to mitigate the well-known issues around setting
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* allowances. See {IERC20-approve}.
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*/
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contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
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mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;
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mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) private _allowances;
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uint256 private _totalSupply;
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string private _name;
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string private _symbol;
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/**
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* @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
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*
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* The default value of {decimals} is 18. To select a different value for
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* {decimals} you should overload it.
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*
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* All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
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* construction.
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*/
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constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
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_name = name_;
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_symbol = symbol_;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Returns the name of the token.
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*/
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function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
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return _name;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
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* name.
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*/
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function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
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return _symbol;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
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* For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
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* be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
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*
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* Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
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* Ether and Wei. This is the value {ERC20} uses, unless this function is
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* overridden;
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*
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* NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
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* no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
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* {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
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*/
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function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
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return 18;
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
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*/
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function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
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return _totalSupply;
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
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*/
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function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
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return _balances[account];
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
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* - the caller must have a balance of at least `amount`.
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*/
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function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
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address owner = _msgSender();
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_transfer(owner, to, amount);
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
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*/
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function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
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return _allowances[owner][spender];
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
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*
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* NOTE: If `amount` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
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* `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
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*/
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function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
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address owner = _msgSender();
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_approve(owner, spender, amount);
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
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*
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* Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
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* required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
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*
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* NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
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* is the maximum `uint256`.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
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* - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
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* `amount`.
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*/
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function transferFrom(
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address from,
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address to,
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uint256 amount
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) public virtual override returns (bool) {
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address spender = _msgSender();
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_spendAllowance(from, spender, amount);
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_transfer(from, to, amount);
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Atomically increases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
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*
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* This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
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* problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
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*
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* Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
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*/
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function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 addedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
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address owner = _msgSender();
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_approve(owner, spender, allowance(owner, spender) + addedValue);
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Atomically decreases the allowance granted to `spender` by the caller.
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*
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* This is an alternative to {approve} that can be used as a mitigation for
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* problems described in {IERC20-approve}.
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*
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* Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `spender` must have allowance for the caller of at least
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* `subtractedValue`.
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*/
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function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 subtractedValue) public virtual returns (bool) {
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address owner = _msgSender();
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uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
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require(currentAllowance >= subtractedValue, "ERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
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unchecked {
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_approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - subtractedValue);
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}
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return true;
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}
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/**
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* @dev Moves `amount` of tokens from `from` to `to`.
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*
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* This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
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* e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
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*
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* Emits a {Transfer} event.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `from` must have a balance of at least `amount`.
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*/
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function _transfer(
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address from,
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address to,
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uint256 amount
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) internal virtual {
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require(from != address(0), "ERC20: transfer from the zero address");
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require(to != address(0), "ERC20: transfer to the zero address");
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_beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
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uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
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require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC20: transfer amount exceeds balance");
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unchecked {
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_balances[from] = fromBalance - amount;
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}
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_balances[to] += amount;
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emit Transfer(from, to, amount);
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_afterTokenTransfer(from, to, amount);
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}
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/** @dev Creates `amount` tokens and assigns them to `account`, increasing
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* the total supply.
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*
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* Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `account` cannot be the zero address.
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*/
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function _mint(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
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require(account != address(0), "ERC20: mint to the zero address");
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_beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
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_totalSupply += amount;
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_balances[account] += amount;
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emit Transfer(address(0), account, amount);
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_afterTokenTransfer(address(0), account, amount);
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}
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/**
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* @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the
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* total supply.
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*
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* Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `account` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
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*/
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function _burn(address account, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
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require(account != address(0), "ERC20: burn from the zero address");
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_beforeTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
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uint256 accountBalance = _balances[account];
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require(accountBalance >= amount, "ERC20: burn amount exceeds balance");
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unchecked {
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_balances[account] = accountBalance - amount;
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}
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_totalSupply -= amount;
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emit Transfer(account, address(0), amount);
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_afterTokenTransfer(account, address(0), amount);
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}
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/**
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* @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
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*
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* This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
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* e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
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*
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* Emits an {Approval} event.
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*
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* Requirements:
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*
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* - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
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* - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
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*/
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function _approve(
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address owner,
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address spender,
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uint256 amount
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) internal virtual {
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require(owner != address(0), "ERC20: approve from the zero address");
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require(spender != address(0), "ERC20: approve to the zero address");
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_allowances[owner][spender] = amount;
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emit Approval(owner, spender, amount);
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}
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/**
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* @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `amount`.
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*
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* Does not update the allowance amount in case of infinite allowance.
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* Revert if not enough allowance is available.
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*
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* Might emit an {Approval} event.
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*/
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function _spendAllowance(
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address owner,
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address spender,
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uint256 amount
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) internal virtual {
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uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
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if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
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require(currentAllowance >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
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unchecked {
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_approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - amount);
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}
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}
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}
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/**
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* @dev Hook that is called before any transfer of tokens. This includes
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* minting and burning.
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*
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* Calling conditions:
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*
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* - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
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* will be transferred to `to`.
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* - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens will be minted for `to`.
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* - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens will be burned.
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* - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
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*
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* To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
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*/
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function _beforeTokenTransfer(
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address from,
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address to,
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uint256 amount
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) internal virtual {}
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/**
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* @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes
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* minting and burning.
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*
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* Calling conditions:
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*
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* - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
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* has been transferred to `to`.
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* - when `from` is zero, `amount` tokens have been minted for `to`.
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* - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens have been burned.
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* - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
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*
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* To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
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*/
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function _afterTokenTransfer(
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address from,
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address to,
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uint256 amount
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) internal virtual {}
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}
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@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
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pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
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/**
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* @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
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*/
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interface IERC20 {
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/**
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* @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
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* another (`to`).
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*
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* Note that `value` may be zero.
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*/
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event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
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/**
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* @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
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* a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
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*/
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event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
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/**
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* @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
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*/
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function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
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/**
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* @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
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*/
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function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
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/**
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* @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
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*
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* Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
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*
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* Emits a {Transfer} event.
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*/
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function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
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/**
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* @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
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* allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
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* zero by default.
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*
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* This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
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*/
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function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
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/**
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* @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
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*
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* Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
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*
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* IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
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* that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
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* transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
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* condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
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* desired value afterwards:
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* https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
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*
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* Emits an {Approval} event.
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*/
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function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
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/**
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* @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
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* allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
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* allowance.
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*
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* Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
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*
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* Emits a {Transfer} event.
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*/
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function transferFrom(
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address from,
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address to,
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uint256 amount
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) external returns (bool);
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}
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@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)
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pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
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import "../IERC20.sol";
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/**
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* @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
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*
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* _Available since v4.1._
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*/
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interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* @dev Returns the name of the token.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
function name() external view returns (string memory);
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
|
||||
}
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
|||
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
|
||||
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)
|
||||
|
||||
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
|
||||
* sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
|
||||
* via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
|
||||
* manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
|
||||
* paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
|
||||
* is concerned).
|
||||
*
|
||||
* This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
abstract contract Context {
|
||||
function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
|
||||
return msg.sender;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
|
||||
return msg.data;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
|||
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
|
||||
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;
|
||||
|
||||
import "./@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
|
||||
|
||||
contract ERC20Example is ERC20 {
|
||||
constructor() ERC20("ERC20Example", "XYZ") {
|
||||
_mint(msg.sender, 1000 * 10 ** decimals());
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
|
|||
use ethers::{
|
||||
contract::{abigen, ContractFactory},
|
||||
core::utils::Anvil,
|
||||
middleware::SignerMiddleware,
|
||||
providers::{Http, Provider},
|
||||
signers::{LocalWallet, Signer},
|
||||
solc::Solc,
|
||||
types::{Address, U256},
|
||||
utils::AnvilInstance,
|
||||
};
|
||||
use eyre::Result;
|
||||
use std::{convert::TryFrom, path::Path, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
|
||||
|
||||
#[tokio::main]
|
||||
async fn main() -> Result<()> {
|
||||
// Start a fresh local Anvil node to execute the transfer on.
|
||||
let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
|
||||
// Use the first wallet autogenerated by the Anvil node to send the transaction.
|
||||
let from_wallet: LocalWallet = anvil.keys()[0].clone().into();
|
||||
let to_address = anvil.addresses()[2].clone();
|
||||
|
||||
// Deploy an ERC20 token contract on the freshly started local Anvil node that doesn't have any
|
||||
// tokens deployed on it. This will also allocate tokens to the `from_wallet` address.
|
||||
// You don't need to do this to transfer an already deployed ERC20 token, in that case you only
|
||||
// need the token address.
|
||||
let token_address = deploy_token_contract(&anvil, from_wallet.clone()).await?;
|
||||
|
||||
// 1. Generate the ABI for the ERC20 contract. This is will define an `ERC20Contract` struct in
|
||||
// this scope that will let us call the methods of the contract.
|
||||
abigen!(
|
||||
ERC20Contract,
|
||||
r#"[
|
||||
function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256)
|
||||
function decimals() external view returns (uint8)
|
||||
function symbol() external view returns (string memory)
|
||||
function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool)
|
||||
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value)
|
||||
]"#,
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
// 2. Create the contract instance to let us call methods of the contract and let it sign
|
||||
// transactions with the sender wallet.
|
||||
let provider =
|
||||
Provider::<Http>::try_from(anvil.endpoint())?.interval(Duration::from_millis(10u64));
|
||||
let signer =
|
||||
Arc::new(SignerMiddleware::new(provider, from_wallet.with_chain_id(anvil.chain_id())));
|
||||
let contract = ERC20Contract::new(token_address, signer);
|
||||
|
||||
// 3. Fetch the decimals used by the contract so we can compute the decimal amount to send.
|
||||
let whole_amount: u64 = 1000;
|
||||
let decimals = contract.decimals().call().await?;
|
||||
let decimal_amount = U256::from(whole_amount) * U256::exp10(decimals as usize);
|
||||
|
||||
// 4. Transfer the desired amount of tokens to the `to_address`
|
||||
let tx = contract.transfer(to_address, decimal_amount);
|
||||
let pending_tx = tx.send().await?;
|
||||
let _mined_tx = pending_tx.await?;
|
||||
|
||||
// 5. Fetch the balance of the recipient.
|
||||
let balance = contract.balance_of(to_address).call().await?;
|
||||
assert_eq!(balance, decimal_amount);
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(())
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Helper function to deploy a contract on a local anvil node. See
|
||||
/// `examples/contracts/examples/deploy_from_solidity.rs` for detailed explanation on how to deploy
|
||||
/// a contract.
|
||||
/// Allocates tokens to the deployer address and returns the ERC20 contract address.
|
||||
async fn deploy_token_contract(
|
||||
anvil: &AnvilInstance,
|
||||
deployer_wallet: LocalWallet,
|
||||
) -> Result<Address> {
|
||||
let source = Path::new(&env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"))
|
||||
.join("examples/contracts/erc20_example/ERC20Example.sol");
|
||||
let compiled = Solc::default().compile_source(source).expect("Could not compile contract");
|
||||
let (abi, bytecode, _runtime_bytecode) =
|
||||
compiled.find("ERC20Example").expect("could not find contract").into_parts_or_default();
|
||||
|
||||
let provider =
|
||||
Provider::<Http>::try_from(anvil.endpoint())?.interval(Duration::from_millis(10u64));
|
||||
let client = SignerMiddleware::new(provider, deployer_wallet.with_chain_id(anvil.chain_id()));
|
||||
let client = Arc::new(client);
|
||||
let factory = ContractFactory::new(abi, bytecode, client.clone());
|
||||
let contract = factory.deploy(())?.send().await?;
|
||||
|
||||
Ok(contract.address())
|
||||
}
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue