ethers-rs/ethers-contract/tests/it/contract.rs

#![allow(unused)]
pub use crate::common::*;
use ethers_contract::{abigen, ContractFactory, EthAbiType};
use ethers_core::types::{Filter, ValueOrArray, H256};

#[cfg(not(feature = "celo"))]
mod eth_tests {
    use super::*;
    use ethers_contract::{LogMeta, Multicall, MulticallVersion};
    use ethers_core::{
        abi::{encode, Detokenize, Token, Tokenizable},
        types::{transaction::eip712::Eip712, Address, BlockId, Bytes, I256, U256},
        utils::{keccak256, Anvil},
    };
    use ethers_derive_eip712::*;
    use ethers_providers::{Http, Middleware, PendingTransaction, Provider, StreamExt};
    use ethers_signers::{LocalWallet, Signer};
    use std::{convert::TryFrom, sync::Arc, time::Duration};

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn deploy_and_call_contract() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");

        // launch anvil
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();

        // Instantiate the clients. We assume that clients consume the provider and the wallet
        // (which makes sense), so for multi-client tests, you must clone the provider.
        let addrs = anvil.addresses().to_vec();
        let addr2 = addrs[1];
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let client2 = connect(&anvil, 1);

        // create a factory which will be used to deploy instances of the contract
        let factory = ContractFactory::new(abi, bytecode, client.clone());

        // `send` consumes the deployer so it must be cloned for later re-use
        // (practically it's not expected that you'll need to deploy multiple instances of
        // the _same_ deployer, so it's fine to clone here from a dev UX vs perf tradeoff)
        let deployer = factory.deploy("initial value".to_string()).unwrap().legacy();
        // dry runs the deployment of the contract. takes the deployer by reference, no need to
        // clone.
        deployer.call().await.unwrap();
        let (contract, receipt) = deployer.clone().send_with_receipt().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(receipt.contract_address.unwrap(), contract.address());

        let get_value = contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap();
        let last_sender = contract.method::<_, Address>("lastSender", ()).unwrap();

        // the initial value must be the one set in the constructor
        let value = get_value.clone().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "initial value");

        // need to declare the method first, and only then send it
        // this is because it internally clones an Arc which would otherwise
        // get immediately dropped
        let contract_call = contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "hi".to_owned())
            .unwrap();
        let calldata = contract_call.calldata().unwrap();
        let gas_estimate = contract_call.estimate_gas().await.unwrap();
        let contract_call = contract_call.legacy();
        let pending_tx = contract_call.send().await.unwrap();
        let tx = client.get_transaction(*pending_tx).await.unwrap().unwrap();
        let tx_receipt = pending_tx.await.unwrap().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(last_sender.clone().call().await.unwrap(), addr2);
        assert_eq!(get_value.clone().call().await.unwrap(), "hi");
        assert_eq!(tx.input, calldata);

        // we can also call contract methods at other addresses with the `at` call
        // (useful when interacting with multiple ERC20s for example)
        let contract2_addr = deployer.send().await.unwrap().address();
        let contract2 = contract.at(contract2_addr);
        let init_value: String =
            contract2.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().call().await.unwrap();
        let init_address =
            contract2.method::<_, Address>("lastSender", ()).unwrap().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(init_address, Address::zero());
        assert_eq!(init_value, "initial value");

        // methods with multiple args also work
        let _tx_hash = contract
            .method::<_, H256>("setValues", ("hi".to_owned(), "bye".to_owned()))
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap()
            .await
            .unwrap();
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    #[cfg(feature = "abigen")]
    async fn get_past_events() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let address = client.get_accounts().await.unwrap()[0];
        let contract = deploy(client.clone(), abi, bytecode).await;

        // make a call with `client`
        let func = contract.method::<_, H256>("setValue", "hi".to_owned()).unwrap().legacy();
        let tx = func.send().await.unwrap();
        let _receipt = tx.await.unwrap();

        // and we can fetch the events
        let logs: Vec<ValueChanged> = contract
            .event()
            .from_block(0u64)
            .topic1(address) // Corresponds to the first indexed parameter
            .query()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(logs[0].new_value, "initial value");
        assert_eq!(logs[1].new_value, "hi");
        assert_eq!(logs.len(), 2);

        // and we can fetch the events at a block hash
        let hash = client.get_block(1).await.unwrap().unwrap().hash.unwrap();
        let logs: Vec<ValueChanged> = contract
            .event()
            .at_block_hash(hash)
            .topic1(address) // Corresponds to the first indexed parameter
            .query()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(logs[0].new_value, "initial value");
        assert_eq!(logs.len(), 1);
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    #[cfg(feature = "abigen")]
    async fn get_events_with_meta() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let address = anvil.addresses()[0];
        let contract = deploy(client.clone(), abi, bytecode).await;

        // and we can fetch the events
        let logs: Vec<(ValueChanged, LogMeta)> = contract
            .event()
            .from_block(0u64)
            .topic1(address) // Corresponds to the first indexed parameter
            .query_with_meta()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(logs.len(), 1);
        let (log, meta) = &logs[0];
        assert_eq!(log.new_value, "initial value");

        assert_eq!(meta.address, contract.address());
        assert_eq!(meta.log_index, 0.into());
        assert_eq!(meta.block_number, 1.into());
        let block = client.get_block(1).await.unwrap().unwrap();
        assert_eq!(meta.block_hash, block.hash.unwrap());
        assert_eq!(block.transactions.len(), 1);
        let tx = block.transactions[0];
        assert_eq!(meta.transaction_hash, tx);
        assert_eq!(meta.transaction_index, 0.into());
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn call_past_state() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let contract = deploy(client.clone(), abi, bytecode).await;
        let deployed_block = client.get_block_number().await.unwrap();

        // assert initial state
        let value =
            contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().legacy().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "initial value");

        // make a call with `client`
        let _tx_hash = *contract
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "hi".to_owned())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // assert new value
        let value =
            contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().legacy().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "hi");

        // assert previous value
        let value = contract
            .method::<_, String>("getValue", ())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .block(BlockId::Number(deployed_block.into()))
            .call()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "initial value");

        // Here would be the place to test EIP-1898, specifying the `BlockId` of `call` as the
        // first block hash. However, Ganache does not implement this :/

        // let hash = client.get_block(1).await.unwrap().unwrap().hash.unwrap();
        // let value = contract
        //     .method::<_, String>("getValue", ())
        //     .unwrap()
        //     .block(BlockId::Hash(hash))
        //     .call()
        //     .await
        //     .unwrap();
        // assert_eq!(value, "initial value");
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    #[ignore]
    async fn call_past_hash_test() {
        // geth --dev --http --http.api eth,web3
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from("http://localhost:8545").unwrap();
        let deployer = provider.get_accounts().await.unwrap()[0];

        let client = Arc::new(provider.with_sender(deployer));
        let contract = deploy(client.clone(), abi, bytecode).await;
        let deployed_block = client.get_block_number().await.unwrap();

        // assert initial state
        let value = contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "initial value");

        // make a call with `client`
        let _tx_hash =
            *contract.method::<_, H256>("setValue", "hi".to_owned()).unwrap().send().await.unwrap();

        // assert new value
        let value = contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "hi");

        // assert previous value using block hash
        let hash = client.get_block(deployed_block).await.unwrap().unwrap().hash.unwrap();
        let value = contract
            .method::<_, String>("getValue", ())
            .unwrap()
            .block(BlockId::Hash(hash))
            .call()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "initial value");
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    #[cfg(feature = "abigen")]
    async fn watch_events() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let contract = deploy(client.clone(), abi.clone(), bytecode).await;

        // We spawn the event listener:
        let event = contract.event::<ValueChanged>();
        let mut stream = event.stream().await.unwrap();

        // Also set up a subscription for the same thing
        let ws = Provider::connect(anvil.ws_endpoint()).await.unwrap();
        let contract2 = ethers_contract::Contract::new(contract.address(), abi, ws);
        let event2 = contract2.event::<ValueChanged>();
        let mut subscription = event2.subscribe().await.unwrap();

        let mut subscription_meta = event2.subscribe().await.unwrap().with_meta();

        let num_calls = 3u64;

        // and we make a few calls
        let num = client.get_block_number().await.unwrap();
        for i in 0..num_calls {
            let call = contract.method::<_, H256>("setValue", i.to_string()).unwrap().legacy();
            let pending_tx = call.send().await.unwrap();
            let _receipt = pending_tx.await.unwrap();
        }

        for i in 0..num_calls {
            // unwrap the option of the stream, then unwrap the decoding result
            let log = stream.next().await.unwrap().unwrap();
            let log2 = subscription.next().await.unwrap().unwrap();
            let (log3, meta) = subscription_meta.next().await.unwrap().unwrap();
            assert_eq!(log.new_value, log3.new_value);
            assert_eq!(log.new_value, log2.new_value);
            assert_eq!(log.new_value, i.to_string());
            assert_eq!(meta.block_number, num + i + 1);
            let hash = client.get_block(num + i + 1).await.unwrap().unwrap().hash.unwrap();
            assert_eq!(meta.block_hash, hash);
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn watch_subscription_events_multiple_addresses() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let contract_1 = deploy(client.clone(), abi.clone(), bytecode.clone()).await;
        let contract_2 = deploy(client.clone(), abi.clone(), bytecode).await;

        let ws = Provider::connect(anvil.ws_endpoint()).await.unwrap();
        let filter = Filter::new()
            .address(ValueOrArray::Array(vec![contract_1.address(), contract_2.address()]));
        let mut stream = ws.subscribe_logs(&filter).await.unwrap();

        // and we make a few calls
        let call = contract_1.method::<_, H256>("setValue", "1".to_string()).unwrap().legacy();
        let pending_tx = call.send().await.unwrap();
        let _receipt = pending_tx.await.unwrap();

        let call = contract_2.method::<_, H256>("setValue", "2".to_string()).unwrap().legacy();
        let pending_tx = call.send().await.unwrap();
        let _receipt = pending_tx.await.unwrap();

        // unwrap the option of the stream, then unwrap the decoding result
        let log_1 = stream.next().await.unwrap();
        let log_2 = stream.next().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(log_1.address, contract_1.address());
        assert_eq!(log_2.address, contract_2.address());
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn signer_on_node() {
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");
        // spawn anvil
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();

        // connect
        let provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from(anvil.endpoint())
            .unwrap()
            .interval(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50u64));

        // get the first account
        let deployer = provider.get_accounts().await.unwrap()[0];
        let client = Arc::new(provider.with_sender(deployer));

        let contract = deploy(client, abi, bytecode).await;

        // make a call without the signer
        let _receipt = contract
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "hi".to_owned())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        let value: String =
            contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap().call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "hi");
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn multicall_aggregate() {
        // get ABI and bytecode for the Multicall contract
        let (multicall_abi, multicall_bytecode) = compile_contract("Multicall3", "Multicall.sol");

        // get ABI and bytecode for the NotSoSimpleStorage contract
        let (not_so_simple_abi, not_so_simple_bytecode) =
            compile_contract("NotSoSimpleStorage", "NotSoSimpleStorage.sol");

        // get ABI and bytecode for the SimpleStorage contract
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("SimpleStorage", "SimpleStorage.sol");

        // launch anvil
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();

        // Instantiate the clients. We assume that clients consume the provider and the wallet
        // (which makes sense), so for multi-client tests, you must clone the provider.
        // `client` is used to deploy the Multicall contract
        // `client2` is used to deploy the first SimpleStorage contract
        // `client3` is used to deploy the second SimpleStorage contract
        // `client4` is used to make the aggregate call
        let addrs = anvil.addresses().to_vec();
        let addr2 = addrs[1];
        let addr3 = addrs[2];
        let client = connect(&anvil, 0);
        let client2 = connect(&anvil, 1);
        let client3 = connect(&anvil, 2);
        let client4 = connect(&anvil, 3);

        // create a factory which will be used to deploy instances of the contract
        let multicall_factory =
            ContractFactory::new(multicall_abi, multicall_bytecode, client.clone());
        let simple_factory = ContractFactory::new(abi.clone(), bytecode.clone(), client2.clone());
        let not_so_simple_factory =
            ContractFactory::new(not_so_simple_abi, not_so_simple_bytecode, client3.clone());

        let multicall_contract =
            multicall_factory.deploy(()).unwrap().legacy().send().await.unwrap();
        let addr = multicall_contract.address();

        let simple_contract = simple_factory
            .deploy("the first one".to_string())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();
        let not_so_simple_contract = not_so_simple_factory
            .deploy("the second one".to_string())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // Client2 and Client3 broadcast txs to set the values for both contracts
        simple_contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "reset first".to_owned())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        not_so_simple_contract
            .connect(client3.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "reset second".to_owned())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // get the calls for `value` and `last_sender` for both SimpleStorage contracts
        let value = simple_contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap();
        let value2 =
            not_so_simple_contract.method::<_, (String, Address)>("getValues", ()).unwrap();
        let last_sender = simple_contract.method::<_, Address>("lastSender", ()).unwrap();
        let last_sender2 = not_so_simple_contract.method::<_, Address>("lastSender", ()).unwrap();

        // initiate the Multicall instance and add calls one by one in builder style
        let mut multicall = Multicall::new(client4.clone(), Some(addr)).await.unwrap();

        // Set version to 1
        multicall = multicall.version(MulticallVersion::Multicall);

        multicall
            .add_call(value, false)
            .add_call(value2, false)
            .add_call(last_sender, false)
            .add_call(last_sender2, false);

        let return_data: (String, (String, Address), Address, Address) =
            multicall.call().await.unwrap();

        assert_eq!(return_data.0, "reset first");
        assert_eq!((return_data.1).0, "reset second");
        assert_eq!((return_data.1).1, addr3);
        assert_eq!(return_data.2, addr2);
        assert_eq!(return_data.3, addr3);

        // construct broadcast transactions that will be batched and broadcast via Multicall
        let broadcast = simple_contract
            .connect(client4.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "first reset again".to_owned())
            .unwrap();
        let broadcast2 = not_so_simple_contract
            .connect(client4.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "second reset again".to_owned())
            .unwrap();

        // use the already initialised Multicall instance, clearing the previous calls and adding
        // new calls. Previously we used the `.call()` functionality to do a batch of calls in one
        // go. Now we will use the `.send()` functionality to broadcast a batch of transactions
        // in one go
        let mut multicall_send = multicall.clone();
        multicall_send.clear_calls().add_call(broadcast, false).add_call(broadcast2, false);

        // broadcast the transaction and wait for it to be mined
        let tx_hash = multicall_send.legacy().send().await.unwrap();
        let _tx_receipt = PendingTransaction::new(tx_hash, client.provider()).await.unwrap();

        // Do another multicall to check the updated return values
        // The `getValue` calls should return the last value we set in the batched broadcast
        // The `lastSender` calls should return the address of the Multicall contract, as it is
        // the one acting as proxy and calling our SimpleStorage contracts (msg.sender)
        let return_data: (String, (String, Address), Address, Address) =
            multicall.call().await.unwrap();

        assert_eq!(return_data.0, "first reset again");
        assert_eq!((return_data.1).0, "second reset again");
        assert_eq!((return_data.1).1, multicall_contract.address());
        assert_eq!(return_data.2, multicall_contract.address());
        assert_eq!(return_data.3, multicall_contract.address());

        let addrs = anvil.addresses();
        // query ETH balances of multiple addresses
        // these keys haven't been used to do any tx
        // so should have 100 ETH
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_get_eth_balance(addrs[4], false)
            .add_get_eth_balance(addrs[5], false)
            .add_get_eth_balance(addrs[6], false);

        let balances: (U256, U256, U256) = multicall.call().await.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(balances.0, U256::from(10_000_000_000_000_000_000_000u128));
        assert_eq!(balances.1, U256::from(10_000_000_000_000_000_000_000u128));
        assert_eq!(balances.2, U256::from(10_000_000_000_000_000_000_000u128));

        // clear multicall so we can test `call_raw` w/ >16 calls
        multicall.clear_calls();

        // clear the current value
        simple_contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", "many".to_owned())
            .unwrap()
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // build up a list of calls greater than the 16 max restriction
        for i in 0..=16 {
            let call = simple_contract.method::<_, String>("getValue", ()).unwrap();
            multicall.add_call(call, false);
        }

        // must use `call_raw` as `.calls` > 16
        let tokens = multicall.call_raw().await.unwrap();
        // if want to use, must detokenize manually
        let results: Vec<String> = tokens
            .iter()
            .map(|token| {
                // decode manually using Tokenizable method
                String::from_token(token.to_owned()).unwrap()
            })
            .collect();
        assert_eq!(results, ["many"; 17]);

        // test version 2
        multicall = multicall.version(MulticallVersion::Multicall2);

        // deploy contract with reverting methods
        let reverting_contract = {
            let (abi, bytecode) =
                compile_contract("SimpleRevertingStorage", "SimpleRevertingStorage.sol");
            let f = ContractFactory::new(abi, bytecode, client.clone());
            f.deploy("This contract can revert".to_string()).unwrap().send().await.unwrap()
        };

        // reset value
        reverting_contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", ("reset third".to_owned(), false))
            .unwrap()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // create calls
        let set_value_call = reverting_contract
            .connect(client.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", ("this didn't revert".to_owned(), false))
            .unwrap();
        let set_value_reverting_call = reverting_contract
            .connect(client3.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", ("this reverted".to_owned(), true))
            .unwrap();
        let get_value_call = reverting_contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, String>("getValue", (false))
            .unwrap();
        let get_value_reverting_call = reverting_contract
            .connect(client.clone())
            .method::<_, String>("getValue", (true))
            .unwrap();

        // .send reverts
        // don't allow revert
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(set_value_reverting_call.clone(), false)
            .add_call(set_value_call.clone(), false);
        multicall.send().await.unwrap_err();

        // value has not changed
        assert_eq!(get_value_call.clone().call().await.unwrap(), "reset third");

        // allow revert
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(set_value_reverting_call.clone(), true)
            .add_call(set_value_call.clone(), false);
        multicall.send().await.unwrap();

        // value has changed
        assert_eq!(get_value_call.clone().call().await.unwrap(), "this didn't revert");

        // reset value again
        reverting_contract
            .connect(client2.clone())
            .method::<_, H256>("setValue", ("reset third again".to_owned(), false))
            .unwrap()
            .send()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // .call reverts
        // don't allow revert
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(get_value_reverting_call.clone(), false)
            .add_call(get_value_call.clone(), false);
        let res = multicall.call::<((bool, String), (bool, String))>().await;
        let err = res.unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.to_string().contains("Multicall3: call failed"));

        // allow revert
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(get_value_reverting_call.clone(), true)
            .add_call(get_value_call.clone(), false);
        let res = multicall.call().await;
        let data: ((bool, String), (bool, String)) = res.unwrap();

        assert!(!data.0 .0); // first call reverted
        assert_eq!(data.0 .1, "getValue revert"); // first call revert data
        assert!(data.1 .0); // second call didn't revert
        assert_eq!(data.1 .1, "reset third again"); // second call return data

        // test v2 illegal revert
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(get_value_reverting_call.clone(), false) // don't allow revert
            .add_call(get_value_call.clone(), true); // true here will result in `tryAggregate(false, ...)`
        let res = multicall.call::<((bool, String), (bool, String))>().await;
        let err = res.unwrap_err();
        assert!(err.to_string().contains("Illegal revert"));

        // test version 3
        // aggregate3 is the same as try_aggregate except with allowing failure on a per-call basis.
        // no need to test that
        multicall = multicall.version(MulticallVersion::Multicall3);

        // .send with value
        let amount = U256::from(100);
        let value_tx = reverting_contract.method::<_, H256>("deposit", ()).unwrap().value(amount);
        let rc_addr = reverting_contract.address();

        // add a second call because we can't decode using a single element tuple
        // ((bool, U256)) == (bool, U256)
        let bal_before: ((bool, U256), (bool, U256)) = multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_get_eth_balance(rc_addr, false)
            .add_get_eth_balance(rc_addr, false)
            .call()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        // send 2 value_tx
        multicall.clear_calls().add_call(value_tx.clone(), false).add_call(value_tx.clone(), false);
        multicall.send().await.unwrap();

        let bal_after: ((bool, U256), (bool, U256)) = multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_get_eth_balance(rc_addr, false)
            .add_get_eth_balance(rc_addr, false)
            .call()
            .await
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(bal_after.0 .1, bal_before.0 .1 + U256::from(2) * amount);

        // test specific revert cases
        // empty revert
        let empty_revert = reverting_contract.method::<_, H256>("emptyRevert", ()).unwrap();
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(empty_revert.clone(), true)
            .add_call(empty_revert.clone(), true);
        let res: ((bool, String), (bool, String)) = multicall.call().await.unwrap();
        assert!(!res.0 .0);
        assert_eq!(res.0 .1, "");

        // string revert
        let string_revert =
            reverting_contract.method::<_, H256>("stringRevert", ("String".to_string())).unwrap();
        multicall.clear_calls().add_call(string_revert, true).add_call(empty_revert.clone(), true);
        let res: ((bool, String), (bool, String)) = multicall.call().await.unwrap();
        assert!(!res.0 .0);
        assert_eq!(res.0 .1, "String");

        // custom error revert
        let custom_error = reverting_contract.method::<_, H256>("customError", ()).unwrap();
        multicall.clear_calls().add_call(custom_error, true).add_call(empty_revert.clone(), true);
        let res: ((bool, Bytes), (bool, String)) = multicall.call().await.unwrap();
        let selector = &keccak256("CustomError()")[..4];
        assert!(!res.0 .0);
        assert_eq!(res.0 .1.len(), 4);
        assert_eq!(&res.0 .1[..4], selector);

        // custom error with data revert
        let custom_error_with_data = reverting_contract
            .method::<_, H256>("customErrorWithData", ("Data".to_string()))
            .unwrap();
        multicall
            .clear_calls()
            .add_call(custom_error_with_data, true)
            .add_call(empty_revert.clone(), true);
        let res: ((bool, Bytes), (bool, String)) = multicall.call().await.unwrap();
        let selector = &keccak256("CustomErrorWithData(string)")[..4];
        assert!(!res.0 .0);
        assert_eq!(&res.0 .1[..4], selector);
        assert_eq!(&res.0 .1[4..], encode(&[Token::String("Data".to_string())]));
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_derive_eip712() {
        // Generate Contract ABI Bindings
        abigen!(
            DeriveEip712Test,
            "./ethers-contract/tests/solidity-contracts/derive_eip712_abi.json",
            event_derives(serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)
        );

        // Create derived structs

        #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eip712, EthAbiType)]
        #[eip712(
            name = "Eip712Test",
            version = "1",
            chain_id = 1,
            verifying_contract = "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
            salt = "eip712-test-75F0CCte"
        )]
        struct FooBar {
            foo: I256,
            bar: U256,
            fizz: Bytes,
            buzz: [u8; 32],
            far: String,
            out: Address,
        }

        // get ABI and bytecode for the DeriveEip712Test contract
        let (abi, bytecode) = compile_contract("DeriveEip712Test", "DeriveEip712Test.sol");

        // launch the network & connect to it
        let anvil = Anvil::new().spawn();
        let from = anvil.addresses()[0];
        let provider = Provider::try_from(anvil.endpoint())
            .unwrap()
            .with_sender(from)
            .interval(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10));
        let client = Arc::new(provider);

        let wallet: LocalWallet = anvil.keys()[0].clone().into();

        let factory = ContractFactory::new(abi.clone(), bytecode.clone(), client.clone());

        let contract = factory
            .deploy(())
            .expect("failed to deploy DeriveEip712Test contract")
            .legacy()
            .send()
            .await
            .expect("failed to instantiate factory for DeriveEip712 contract");

        let addr = contract.address();

        let contract = DeriveEip712Test::new(addr, client.clone());

        let foo_bar = FooBar {
            foo: I256::from(10u64),
            bar: U256::from(20u64),
            fizz: b"fizz".into(),
            buzz: keccak256("buzz"),
            far: String::from("space"),
            out: Address::from([0; 20]),
        };

        let derived_foo_bar = derive_eip_712_test::FooBar {
            foo: foo_bar.foo,
            bar: foo_bar.bar,
            fizz: foo_bar.fizz.clone(),
            buzz: foo_bar.buzz,
            far: foo_bar.far.clone(),
            out: foo_bar.out,
        };

        let sig = wallet.sign_typed_data(&foo_bar).await.expect("failed to sign typed data");

        let r = <[u8; 32]>::try_from(sig.r)
            .expect("failed to parse 'r' value from signature into [u8; 32]");
        let s = <[u8; 32]>::try_from(sig.s)
            .expect("failed to parse 's' value from signature into [u8; 32]");
        let v = u8::try_from(sig.v).expect("failed to parse 'v' value from signature into u8");

        let domain_separator = contract
            .domain_separator()
            .call()
            .await
            .expect("failed to retrieve domain_separator from contract");
        let type_hash =
            contract.type_hash().call().await.expect("failed to retrieve type_hash from contract");
        let struct_hash = contract
            .struct_hash(derived_foo_bar.clone())
            .call()
            .await
            .expect("failed to retrieve struct_hash from contract");
        let encoded = contract
            .encode_eip_712(derived_foo_bar.clone())
            .call()
            .await
            .expect("failed to retrieve eip712 encoded hash from contract");
        let verify = contract
            .verify_foo_bar(wallet.address(), derived_foo_bar, r, s, v)
            .call()
            .await
            .expect("failed to verify signed typed data eip712 payload");

        assert_eq!(
            domain_separator,
            foo_bar
                .domain()
                .expect("failed to return domain_separator from Eip712 implemented struct")
                .separator(),
            "domain separator does not match contract domain separator!"
        );

        assert_eq!(
            type_hash,
            FooBar::type_hash().expect("failed to return type_hash from Eip712 implemented struct"),
            "type hash does not match contract struct type hash!"
        );

        assert_eq!(
            struct_hash,
            foo_bar
                .clone()
                .struct_hash()
                .expect("failed to return struct_hash from Eip712 implemented struct"),
            "struct hash does not match contract struct hash!"
        );

        assert_eq!(
            encoded,
            foo_bar
                .encode_eip712()
                .expect("failed to return domain_separator from Eip712 implemented struct"),
            "Encoded value does not match!"
        );

        assert!(verify, "typed data signature failed!");
    }
}